Which treatment is used for an overdose of MDMA (Ecstasy)?

The treatment for an overdose of MDMA, also known as Ecstasy, primarily focuses on managing symptoms that arise from the use of this stimulant and empathogen. MDMA can lead to severe hyperthermia (elevated body temperature), which can be life-threatening. Dantrolene is a medication that acts as a muscle relaxant and is specifically indicated for treating malignant hyperthermia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome, conditions characterized by severe hyperthermia and muscle rigidity.

In the context of an MDMA overdose, the administration of Dantrolene can help mitigate the hyperthermic crisis by reducing muscle rigidity and lowering the body's elevated temperature. This can be crucial for preventing complications related to heatstroke, which can occur in severe cases of MDMA toxicity.

The other options provided do not specifically address the critical symptoms associated with MDMA overdose. For instance, sodium bicarbonate can help to manage metabolic acidosis but is not a targeted treatment for the unique presentation of MDMA toxicity, particularly the hyperthermia. Calcium chloride does not have a direct role in managing MDMA overdose symptoms, and N-acetylcysteine is primarily used for acetaminophen overdose and does not address the critical issues associated with MDMA toxicity, such