Which symptom is typically associated with tardive dyskinesia?

Tardive dyskinesia is characterized by repetitive, involuntary muscle movements, typically involving the face, tongue, and limbs. This condition often arises as a side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic medications, particularly the older, first-generation types. Patients may exhibit rhythmic, jerky motions such as tongue protrusion, lip smacking, or rapid blinking. Repetitive movements are a hallmark feature of tardive dyskinesia and help differentiate it from other movement disorders.

In contrast, muscle rigidity is more commonly associated with other conditions, such as Parkinson's disease or acute extrapyramidal symptoms related to antipsychotic use. Social withdrawal can occur in various psychiatric conditions but is not specific to tardive dyskinesia. Acute agitation can also be a result of psychiatric disorders or medication effects, but it does not define tardive dyskinesia. Thus, the association with repetitive movements makes it the defining symptom of this condition.