Which medication is a second-line treatment for ADHD?

Atomoxetine is recognized as a second-line treatment for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). It is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and provides an alternative to stimulant medications such as methylphenidate, which is typically considered a first-line treatment. Atomoxetine is particularly useful for patients who may not tolerate stimulants, have a history of substance abuse, or prefer a non-stimulant option due to its lower abuse potential.

In addition to its pharmacological profile, atomoxetine's approval is grounded in evidence from clinical studies demonstrating its efficacy in reducing core ADHD symptoms. It may take several weeks to see the full therapeutic effect, which is different from stimulant medications that often provide more immediate symptom relief.

Other medications listed, such as guanfacine and clonidine, are also used in the treatment of ADHD but are generally seen as adjunct therapies or used in specific circumstances rather than as primary or second-line treatments. Guanfacine is particularly helpful for managing hyperactivity and impulsivity and may be used in children who have not responded adequately to other medications. Clonidine is often used for its sedative effects and to address behavioral issues but is also not a standard second-line treatment for ADHD in the way atomoxetine