What is a common medication used to prevent seizures in alcohol overdose?

The correct answer is Ativan. This medication, which is a benzodiazepine, is commonly utilized in the management of alcohol withdrawal seizures. It works by enhancing the effect of the neurotransmitter GABA at the GABA-A receptor, which helps to calm the nervous system and prevent seizures. In the context of alcohol overdose, patients are at risk for seizures, particularly during withdrawal, making the administration of a benzodiazepine like Ativan essential in preventing these potentially life-threatening events.

Naltrexone, while effective for treating alcohol use disorder by reducing cravings and preventing relapse, does not have a role in preventing seizures. Physostigmine is primarily used as an antidote for anticholinergic toxicity and does not address seizure prevention. Talwin, which is a combination medication containing pentazocine, is an analgesic and does not serve any purpose in preventing seizures related to alcohol overdose or withdrawal.

Hence, Ativan's role as a benzodiazepine makes it the most appropriate choice for preventing seizures in cases of alcohol overdose.