In Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, symptoms must be present in how many settings to affect functioning?

To diagnose Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), it is essential that symptoms are present in at least two different settings. This requirement helps to confirm that the symptoms are pervasive and not limited to a single environment, which is crucial for establishing a diagnosis. Typical settings include home, school, and social situations.

When ADHD symptoms occur in multiple settings, it indicates a more significant impact on the individual’s functioning and daily life, which aligns with the understanding of the disorder as a chronic condition affecting various aspects of a person's life. Symptoms that manifest solely in one context may suggest an issue that is more directly related to that context (such as a specific learning environment) rather than ADHD itself. Therefore, the necessity for symptoms to be present in at least two settings helps clinicians differentiate ADHD from other potential disorders and establish the need for appropriate interventions and support.